Since the creation of the world-famous Panama Canal in 1914, Panama has been at the heart of international shipping, serving as a connection point between the Pacific and the Caribbean.
In recent years, Panama has also become a major tourist destination as flights from the US have become increasingly cheap and more Americans begin to retire here (it’s also a big center for international banking).
Most travelers visit Panama either at the end or the beginning of their journey through Central America here and stick to the well-worn tourist trail of Bocas del Toro, Boquete, the San Blas islands, and Panama City but if you head to some of the lesser-known destinations you’ll be rewarded with better food, amazing scenery free of tourists, and lower prices.
This guide to traveling Panama can help you plan the perfect trip there!
Table of Contents
Click Here for City Guides
Panama
Top 5 Things to See and Do in Panama
1. See the Panama Canal
2. Hang out in Bocas del Toro
3. Relax in Boquete
4. Sail the San Blas islands
5. Tour a Coffee Plantation
Other Things to See and Do in Panama
1. Check out the ruins of Panama Viejo
Founded in 1519 by Spanish conquistador Pedro Arias de Ávila, Panama Viejo (“Old Panama,” once the country’s capital) was one of the Pacific coast’s busiest Spanish trading towns until it was destroyed by Captain Henry Morgan in 1671. The remaining ruins are spread out over 57 acres and include the original cathedral (you can even climb the bell tower for an amazing panoramic view), a hospital, churches and convents. Because of it is historic significance, in 1997 it was declared UNESCO World Heritage together with Panama City’s historic Casco Viejo neighborhood. Admission is $10 USD for adults and $2 USD for kids. It’s only a 10-minute drive or 30-minute bus ride from Panama City.
2. Bike along Amador Causeway in Panama City
This 4-mile (6-kilometer) causeway is made from the excavated rocks of the canal and links Panama City with three islands: Flamenco, Naos and Perico. It’s an easy ride and you’ll have a view across the canal on one side and the city skyline on the other. There are plenty of restaurants to stop at along the way too. You can rent bikes on the causeway too. Expect to pay $10-20 USD for a rental.
3. Take the Panama Canal Railway
The Panama Canal Railway connects Panama City with Colón and runs from the Pacific Ocean to the Atlantic Ocean. The train is an old-fashioned locomotive complete with an observation car that offers views of the canal, Gutan Lake, and the passing rainforests. The three-hour round trip journey costs $50 USD ($35 USD for children between 2 and 12).
4. Visit Portobelo
Christopher Columbus named this settlement Puerto Bello “Beautiful Harbor” when he arrived there in 1502 and, over time, it was shortened to Portobelo. The settlement became an important town at the northern end of the Gold Road, and its 18th-century fortifications were built by the Spanish to protect their gold from pirates. You can still see the original cannon battery and the crumbling ruins of the fort. Portobelo is also a good launching point for sailing trips to San Blas. The town still has a lot of African influence specifically from the Republic of Congo, as they were brought to the city as slaves by the Spanish. Even today, the Congolese population has maintained its own culture, especially in their festivals and dance performances. The cuisine in Portobelo has a lot of African influences as well, like curries, coconut, seafood and fragrant spices (head to Casa Congo for an authentic taste of Congolese food).
5. Hit the beach in Pedasi
Located on the Pacific side, this town is about five hours from Panama City and is known for its surfing. Though it has become a haven for expats in recent years, it’s still not really “on” the tourist trail. Not a lot of people go here and you’ll have the beaches mostly to yourself. The water is bathtub warm and you can find surf lessons starting from about $40 USD for one hour. This is also a prime spot to see humpback whales from May-November.
6. Hike in the rainforest parks
Parque Metropolitano is a rainforest in the center of the city, a short 15-minute walk from the Albrook Shopping Center. Admission is only $4 USD and, if you hike up to the top of Cedar Hill, you’ll have fantastic views over the city. Keep an eye out for sloths, toucans, hummingbirds, pacas, monkeys, and anteaters. Parque Soberania (admission: $5 USD) stretches along the shores of the Panama Canal and is the most easily accessible rainforest from Panama City. This park is a bird watchers’ paradise, with over 500 different species. The ride from Panama City by Uber / taxi takes 25 mins. Parque Chagres (admission is $5 USD) is a bit further away – about 40 miles north of Panama City – but worth the trip for the variety of wildlife: 114 mammal species (including big cats), 96 species of reptiles and 396 species of birds.
7. Spot wildlife at Volcan Baru
Volcan Baru is the only volcano in Panama, and, at 11,500 feet, also the highest point in the country. The lower slopes are home to dozens of coffee plantations, while the higher ground is part of the Volcan Baru National Park. Bring your camera as the rainforest here is a good place to spot the Resplendent Quetzal, which is considered one of the most beautiful birds in the world for its bright coloring. Expect to pay around $125 USD for a guided hike. You can also hike the volcano independently. Hostel Mamallena in Boquete will point you in the right direction.
8. Surf in Santa Catalina
Santa Catalina, located on Panama’s Pacific Coast, a six-hour drive west of Panama City, is a hot spot with the surfing community. Only 300 people live in this town on the Pacific coast, so don’t come here expecting fancy resorts or high-end dining. This is the place to be if you want to catch some fantastic waves and relax on some sandy beaches. If you want to learn how to surf, lessons cost around $100 USD per day but includes accommodation, food, and lessons.
9. Canoe to Embera Indian Village
To get to the village, which is located inside Chagres National Park, you’ll paddle up the Chagres river in a dugout canoe then walk through a rainforest, giving you the chance to really immerse yourself in the surrounding nature. When you finally meet the Embera tribe you’ll be offered traditional food, music, and dancing followed by the chance to buy the tribe’s handicrafts or go for a swim under a waterfall. Day tours from Panama City cost between $85-175 USD per person, depending on how many people are going.
10. Explore Casco Viejo
Casco Viejo (“Old Quarter”) is the historic district of Panama City and the oldest city in all of the Americas. These days, the city’s red-bricked streets are lined with restaurants, cafes and bars, though the Spanish-colonial style architecture makes Casco Viejo feel worlds apart from the glitzy skyscrapers of the newer parts of Panama City. There’s a coastal fortification walk, some churches, and cute little squares. It’s a popular place to stay and eat in. Head to Mercado de Mariscos (“fish market”) for a $3 USD cup of ceviche (a dish of diced fish that has been cured in lemon juice, with onions, peppers and spices).
Panama Travel Costs
Note: Panama uses both the Panamanian Balboa (PAB) and US Dollars. Even though the PAB still exists, US Dollars predominate in day-to-day use (you’d be hard to press to even find Balboas when visiting Panama).
ATMs can be found in all larger towns and in touristy areas like Bocas del Toro, but if you’re planning to venture off the beaten path, check beforehand if there’s an ATM, or take out enough cash beforehand. The San Blas Islands for example do not have any ATMs. Be aware that in most of Panama outside the capital, cash is king, and credit cards aren’t accepted in a lot of places.
Accommodation – Accommodation is cheap in Panama with a night in a hostel dorm costing between $11-13 USD per night for a 6-8 bed dorm. A 10-bed dorm is usually about $10 USD. Private rooms range from $22-45 USD per night. All hostels offer free Wi-Fi and some include free breakfast.
Prices don’t really fluctuate much in the off-season – you might end up paying $1-2 USD less per night, but it isn’t significant.
Camping is available around the country at $5-10 USD per night.
Budget two-star hotels start around $30 USD per night. For a 3-star hotel or higher, expect to pay closer to $65-80 USD per night. In the off-season, expect to save between $5-10 USD per night.
Airbnb is available around the country, with shared accommodation averaging around $15 USD per night for a shared space (like a dorm room). You can find an entire home or apartment starting at $75 USD per night. Private rooms start at $60 USD per night and go up from there.
Food – Panamanian cuisine features rice, black beans, yuca (a starchy vegetable similar to the potato), plantains, beef, chicken, and seafood. Local food-stall meals will cost around $2-5 USD and will get you chicken, rice, and beans. In a specialty coffee shop, you’ll pay between $3.50 -5 USD for a coffee in Panama City, and between $2-4 USD in Boquete. Fish markets anywhere in the country usually have freshly-caught lunches for between $4-6 USD.
Breakfast is around $5 USD in a sit-down restaurant while a sandwich in a restaurant with table service averages $6-9 USD. Restaurants with table service generally cost around $10 per meal, but remember to avoid restaurants with English menus as they’re usually more expensive. A half of a grilled chicken is $9 USD, and it’s about $10 USD for a hamburger, and $9 USD for a pasta dish.
A glass of wine is $4-5 USD, and a cocktail in a bar is $8-9 USD. For a nice meal with wine, expect to pay around $40 USD for 2-3 courses. A pint of domestic beer at a bar costs around $2.50 USD.
If you want to cook for yourself, expect to pay between $35-50 USD for a week’s worth of groceries including staples like fruit, veggies, pasta, and bread.
Backpacking Panama Suggested Budgets
On a backpacker’s budget you’ll pay between $40-50 per day. On this suggested budget, you’re staying in a hostel, cooking your meals, doing lots of free activities, keeping your drinking to a minimum, and using local transportation.
On a mid-range budget of about $85-90 USD per day, you can stay in a budget hotel, eat out anywhere you want, take some tours, enjoy a few beers, and get around with the occasional taxi.
For a luxury budget between $140-175 per day, you’ll be able to stay in a high-end hotel or resort, eat out for all your meals, take lots of tours, and pretty well do whatever you want. The sky is the limit!
You can use the chart below to get some idea of how much you need to budget daily (some days you spend more, some days you spend less). Prices are in USD:
Panama Travel Guide: Money-Saving Tips
Looking to save money while traveling in Panama? Panama isn’t hugely expensive but it is one of the more expensive parts of the region. Here are some of the best ways to save money in Panama:
- Travel off-season – Traveling is cheaper during the rainy season, between April and November. Most tourists visit Panama between December and April – that’s when hotel prices go up, especially in popular destinations like Bocas del Toro.
- Eat at the local stands – Meals at local food stalls cost between $4-5 USD. You’ll get rice, chicken, beans, and maybe another side plus a drink. I didn’t love the food in Panama (it’s quite greasy) but at those prices, it made eating very cheap.
- Avoid taxis – I found taxis here to be a complete rip-off. As my friend JP says, “You get Gringoed.” They were also far more unwilling to negotiate. I’d try to avoid them if at all possible.
- Refill your water – In most of the country, you can drink the tap water — it won’t kill you or make you sick. There’s no need to always buy new water bottles so save yourself a few dollars a day and fill up from the tap. The only places you can’t drink from the tap are the islands (including Bocas del Toro). To ensure your water is safe, use a LifeStraw water filter
- Stick to beer – Beer is usually $1 USD during hostel happy hours. Otherwise, a pint of local Panama or Balboa is $2 USD. Mixed drinks will cost more, so stick to beer. You’ll be able to save money without cutting into your good time.
- Carry small change – Most taxis and small shops won’t accept larger bills for small purchases so make sure you carry change.
- Embrace the bus! – Long-distance buses in Panama are a few steps above the infamous “chicken buses” so often found here in Central and South America. While a far cry from luxurious, they are good enough for long distance journeys if you’re on a budget (there are still plenty of chicken buses though if you want to give them a try!).
- Stay with a local – There are tons of hosts (and lots of community events) in the larger cities of Panama, making this a great country to Couchsurf in. Pick up some tips and save some money by staying with a local!
- Barter hard – If you’re hopping ferries around Bocas del Toro make sure you barter hard. Much like the taxis in the city, you’ll likely be charged more than the locals so barter hard and make sure you know what you should be paying.
Where To Stay in Panama
Looking for a place to rest your head in Panama? Here are some of my favorite places to stay in Panama for your next visit:
- Hostal Casa Areka (Panama City)
- Magnolia Inn Casco Viejo (Panama City)
- El Machio (Panama City)
- Bambuda Castle (Boquete)
- Spanish By the River (Boquete)
- (Bocas del Toro)
How to Get Around Panama
Bus – The cheapest and easiest way to get around Panama is by bus. The public bus system runs frequently throughout the day and throughout the entire country. Expect to pay less than $1 USD per hour traveled. Long-distance buses are usually modern and air-conditioned, and night buses exist for longer journeys (like Panama City to Bocas del Toro). There is no online ticket booking system in Panama, you just show up at the bus station and buy your ticket at the counter.
For most routes, you can buy same-day tickets, but for night buses and longer journeys it is recommended to buy your ticket a day in advance. Expect very basic buses in the smaller towns around the country – you’ll be riding Diablos Rojos (“Red Devils”): old repurposed American school buses that are painted colorfully.
There are two companies that offer services from Panama City all the way to Costa Rica: Expreso Panama and Tica Bus. Their ticket offices are inside the main bus station in Panama City which is inside the Albrook Mall.
A bus ride in a modern metro city bus within Panama City costs 25 cents.
Air – Air travel is possible within Panama but not recommended. The most common domestic connection is between Panama City and Bocas del Toro. The 1-hr flight is between $130-$145 USD. You can also fly from Panama City to David (near Boquete), Pedasi, Chitre, the San Blas Islands and the Pearl Islands. The 1-hr flight from Panama City to David costs $134 USD, vs. a 6-hr bus ride for only $9 USD.
If you’re on a budget, I wouldn’t recommend flying.
Car Rental – It is safe to drive in Panama, but be aware that rental agencies are scarce outside Panama City. Rentals cost around $15-$20 USD per day. Websites like Expedia often advertise car rentals from $1 USD per day, but be aware that the rental agencies will charge you additional fees and insurance. Most rental agencies require drivers to be at last 25, though some will accept drivers at 21 if they have a credit card.
Hitchhiking – Hitchhiking isn’t common among locals and it’s not something I would really recommend doing here. I’ve done it for a ride from the beach back into town (it was a small town) but I wouldn’t do it in a big city or across the country. For more information on hitchhiking, check out Hitchwiki.
When to Go to Panama
Panama has a short dry season between December and April, which is when it is dry and you’ll get to enjoy clear blue skies. That said, Panama is less than 9 degrees north of the equator, which means temperatures are consistent year-round. The lowland regions are always hot and humid, but the highlands (Boquete, El Valle, Cerro Punta) can give you a bit of retreat from the heat – at least at night, when it is a little chillier there.
Daytime temperatures in Panama average 86-91°F (30-33°C), nighttime temperatures are around 69-73°F (21-23°C).
The rainy season lasts from May to December, but keep in mind that it usually only rains from late afternoon into the night, which means mornings and early afternoons can still be enjoyed. The rainiest month is November. If you visit during rainy season, pack a rain jacket and avoid the highlands.
Bocas del Toro is driest in March and October.
You never really have to avoid peak season crowds in Panama. It’s never very crowded here – only in certain areas (like Panama City) where cruise ships dock and crowds flood the streets for a few hours each day.
How to Stay Safe in Panama
Like neighboring Costa Rica, Panama is one of the safest countries for traveling and backpacking in Central America. That said, it’s never wrong to be vigilant.
Petty theft (including bag snatching) is one of the most common types of crime in Central America and can happen in parts of Panama City as well as Colon. Always be vigilant and make sure your bag is properly worn and never left unattended.
The only city in Panama that is to be considered dangerous is Colon. Colon has the highest homicide rate of any municipality in Panama and should be avoided after dark. Panama City, Herrera, and Chiriqui also have higher crime rates than elsewhere in the country, including things like armed muggings and shootings. However, these are still rare.
Some neighborhoods in Panama City can be a bit sketchy: Curundu, El Chorrillo (which surrounds the neighborhood of Casco Viejo) and El Marañón, which are poorer and crime-ridden areas. Avoid these areas after dark, and don’t flash valuables like your phone or expensive jewelry.
The Darien Gap, the border region between Panama and Colombia, is considered extremely dangerous due to Colombian rebel groups and drug traffickers who operate there, but it isn’t really on travelers’ itineraries.
Don’t carry more cash on you than you’re planning to spend, and leave your passport and credit cards in your hotel room / hostel.
Make copies of your personal documents, including your passport and ID. Forward your itinerary to family or friends so they’ll know where you are.
Keep an eye out for common scams against tourists, such as fake ATMs, taxis that don’t use a meter, and questionable tour operators.
If you experience an emergency, dial 911.
The most important piece of advice I can offer is to purchase good travel insurance. Travel insurance will protect you against illness, injury, theft, and cancellations. It’s comprehensive protection in case anything goes wrong. I never go on a trip without it as I’ve had to use it many times in the past.
Panama Travel Guide: The Best Booking Resources
These are my favorite companies to use when I travel to Panama. They are included here because they consistently find deals, offer world-class customer service and great value, and overall, are better than their competitors. They are the ones I use the most and are always the starting points in my search for travel deals.
- Momondo – This is my favorite booking site. I never book a flight without checking here first.
- Skyscanner – Skyscanner is another great flight search engine which searches a lot of different airlines, including many of the budget carriers that larger sites miss. While I always start with Momondo, I use this site too as a way to compare prices.
- Airbnb – Airbnb is a great accommodation alternative for connecting with homeowners who rent out their homes or apartments.
- Hostelworld – This is the best hostel accommodation site out there, with the largest inventory, best search interface, and widest availability.
- Couchsurfing – This website allows you to stay on people’s couches or spare rooms for free. It’s a great way to save money while meeting locals who can tell you the ins and outs of their city. The site also lists events you can attend to meet people (even if you’re not staying with someone).
- Booking.com – The best all around booking site that constantly provides the cheapest and lowest rates. They have a no money down policy, great interface, and the widest selection of budget accommodation. In all my tests, they’ve always had the cheapest rates out of all the booking websites.
- Intrepid Travel – If you want to do a group tour around South Africa, go with Intrepid Travel. They offer good small group tours that use local operators and leave a small environmental footprint. If you go on a tour with anyone, go with them. And, as a reader of this site, you’ll get a discount when you click the link!
- Rome 2 Rio – This website allows you to see how to get from point A to point B the best and cheapest way possible. It will give you all the bus, train, plane, or boat routes that can get you there as well as how much they cost.
- World Nomads – I buy all my travel insurance from World Nomads. They have great customer service, competitive prices, and in-depth coverage. I’ve been using them since I started traveling in 2003. Don’t leave home without it!
- EatWith – This website allows you to eat home cooked meal with locals. Locals post listings for dinner parties and specialty meals that you can sign up for. There is a fee (everyone sets their own price) but this is a great way to do something different, pick a local’s brain, and make a new friend.
Panama Gear and Packing Guide
If you’re heading on the road and need some gear suggestions, here are my tips for the best travel backpack and for what to pack!
The Best Backpack for Travelers
Size: 45-47L
Straps: Thick and cushy with compression technology that pulls the pack’s load up and inwards so it doesn’t feel as heavy.
Features: Removable top lid, large pocket at the front, hydration compatible, contoured hip belt
If you want something different, refer to my article on how to choose the best travel backpack for tips on picking a pack and other backpack suggestions.
What to Pack for Your Trip
Clothes
- 1 pair of jeans (heavy and not easily dried, but I like them; a good alternative is khaki pants)
- 1 pair of shorts
- 1 bathing suit
- 5 T-shirts
- 1 long-sleeved T-shirt
- 1 pair of flip-flops
- 1 pair of sneakers
- 6 pairs of socks (I always end up losing half)
- 5 pairs of boxer shorts (I’m not a briefs guy!)
- 1 toothbrush
- 1 tube of toothpaste
- 1 razor
- 1 package of dental floss
- 1 small bottle of shampoo
- 1 small bottle of shower gel
- 1 towel
- Deodorant
Small Medical Kit (safety is important!!!)
- Band-Aids
- Hydrocortisone cream
- Antibacterial cream
- Earplugs
- Tylenol
- Hand sanitizer (germs = sick = bad holiday)
Miscellaneous
- A key or combination lock (safety first)
- Zip-lock bags (keeps things from leaking or exploding)
- Plastic bags (great for laundry)
- Universal charger/adaptor (this applies to everyone)
- LifeStraw (A water bottle with a purifier)
Female Travel Packing List
I’m not a woman, so I don’t know what a woman wears, but Kristin Addis, our solo female travel guru, wrote this list as an addition to the basics above:
Clothing
- 1 swimsuit
- 1 sarong
- 1 pair of stretchy jeans (they wash and dry easily)
- 1 pair of leggings (if it’s cold, they can go under your jeans, otherwise with a dress or shirt)
- 2-3 long-sleeve tops
- 2-3 T-shirts
- 3-4 spaghetti tops
- 1 light cardigan
Toiletries
- 1 dry shampoo spray & talc powder (keeps long hair grease-free in between washes)
- 1 hairbrush
- Makeup you use
- Hair bands & hair clips
- Feminine hygiene products (you can opt to buy there too, but I prefer not to count on it, and most people have their preferred products)
For more on packing, check out these posts:
Panama Travel Guide: Suggested Reading
The Longest Ride: My Ten-Year 500,000 Mile Motorcycle Journey, by Emilio Scotto
This book chronicles Scotto’s ten year trip around the world by bike – on that would land him in the Guinness Book of World Records. He leaves his native Argentina, crosses Panama, and ends up all over the world. He has some incredible trips along the way (Muhammad Ali gives him $50!). I loved the vivid story telling, the fun adventures, and the determination the author has has he ends up on a quest that never seems to end. There was a single minded nature to his trip that I really loved!
The Lost City of the Monkey God, by Douglas Preston
For centuries there have been rumors about a lost city of immense wealth hidden somewhere in Honduras, known as the Lost City of the Monkey God. In 1940, a journalist named Theodore Morde returned from the rainforest with hundreds of artifacts, and a story about how he found the lost city. Then he committed suicide…without ever revealing its location. Years later, Doug Preston and a team of scientists set out on a new quest by plane to explore an untouched valley – and captured the image of a huge, hidden metropolis. This is the story of that discovery, and the insanity that ensued. (The audio version of this book is great too!)
Walking the Americas, by Levison Wood
This is the true story of Levison Wood’s 1,800-mile trek across the Americas, through eight countries from Mexico to Colombia. He works his way down through Belize, Guatemala, Honduras, Nicaragua, Costa Rica, and Panama – meeting refugees in Nicaraguan camps, friendly locals, and dangerous wildlife along the way. Some of his tales are harrowing, but mostly you’ll want to be right there with Wood, enjoying secret waterfalls and making awkward negotiations with policemen.
Maya Roads: One Woman’s Journey Among the People of the Rainforest, by Mary Jo McConahay
Mary Jo McConahay has been living and traveling in the remote areas of Central America for three decades, so she knows a thing or two about the region. Maya Roads is her fascinating account of the people, politics, and archaeology of the rainforest, otherwise known as “the cradle of Maya civilization.” It’s a beautiful chronicle of not only the sheer beauty of Central America and the resilience of its people, but also the region’s harsher side – like drug trafficking and intense violence.
The Gringo Trail: A Darkly Comic Road Trip through South America, by Mark Mann
With just a backpack and a strong sense of adventure, Mark Mann and his two buddies set out on an expedition through the Americas. They travel through thick forests, mountain landscapes, and stunning beaches…all while being heavily under the influence of drugs. There’s no glorification of drugs here – Mann and his friends find themselves all-consumed by being high, and their lives are changed forever. But it’s an honest, jarring memoir with a little bit of shock value built in.
Panama Travel Guide: Related Articles
Want more info? Check out all the articles I’ve written on backpacking/traveling Central America and continue planning your trip:
